Even though he had placed his original shirt and pants in his cubby upon his arrival to class, he appears at a total loss, both to where his personal cubby space is located and what it is that the teacher has instructed him to do in the first place. He waits until all of his classmates have returned from their seats to then goes to the area of his cubby. Jordan raises his hand about 30 seconds after his peer and asks the same question. He then looked lost as he tried to find his spot on the carpet near his peers, who repeatedly tell him to move away from them, that he is “yukky” and they don’t want to sit next to him on the floor.Ī child raises her hand to ask the teacher if she may go to her cubby to retrieve her home item.
The children were instructed to place their home items in their cubbies as they entered the classroom and then go to the rug by the teacher to begin the day’s instruction.īefore Jordan could sit down, he undressed from the clothes that his mother has dressed him in that day (a long-sleeved shirt and long pants), and changed into the same tennis shorts and tee shirt that he wears every day in class. The children had been assigned the night before to bring from home an item that began with the letters H, M, or B. The class, which was in its tenth week of the school semester, was learning the letters of the alphabet. Jordan, a four-year-old boy with the dual diagnosis of ASD (high functioning) and ADHD (inattentive presentation), is placed in a classroom with fifteen neurotypical developing peers, one teacher, and no aide. Repetitive movement, such as rocking or twisting Lack of concern or inability to react to other people’s emotions or feelings Intense focus and concentration on a singular item Unresponsive to common stimuli or over-responsive to sensory stimulusĭifficulty focusing, or concentrating and narrowing attention to one task ADHD versus ASDĬomparison of the two conditions and their symptomsīeing easily distracted/impacted by processing delayįrequently jumping from one task to another or quickly growing bored with tasks According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), around 1–2% of people across North America, Asia, and Europe have ASD. According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), ADHD affects 9% of children aged 3–17, and 4% of adults. Boys are four-and-a-half times more likely to be diagnosed with autism than girls.ĪDHD is more common than ASD. About 1 in 55 children are currently diagnosed with ASD in the United States. ASD is a group of complex disorders that impact behavior, development, and communication. The average age of diagnosis is seven, and boys are much more likely to be diagnosed than girls, although this may be because ADHD presents differently in females.ĪSD is another childhood condition that affects an increasing number of children. The combined presentation of ADHD, where the person experiences both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, is the most common. There are three presentations: predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, predominantly inattentive, and combined. In the United States, approximately 9.4 percent of children between the ages of 2 and 17 have been diagnosed with ADHD. ADHD is also a neurological disorder in which individuals exhibit inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior that results in difficulties in their everyday life and tasks, such as interfering in their relationships with peers or leading to poor school grades.ĪDHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder often found in children. Then we’ll examine the impact of these two disorders in a four-year-old boy who has this dual diagnosis within a typical classroom, before closing with a discussion of diagnosis and treatment.ĪSD is a neurological disorder that impacts development and involves a broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, restricted and repetitive behaviors, and deficits in speech and nonverbal communication. This article begins with a description and elaboration of their similarities and differences.
There is often CONFUSION AND DEBATE regarding the distinction between ADHD and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
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